Quartz-Sericte-Pyrite (Phyllic alteration)
By Miguel A Heredia
During the 26th week of the year (June 26th to July 2nd, 2023), at least 33 press releases were announced by companies working in Mexico, and 2 news published by the media with eleven disclosing deals and corporate issues, eleven announcing financing issues, five reporting resources and developments of their properties, four informing on exploration results, two commenting on Mexican issues, and one communicating production and financial results. ON MEXICO ISSUES, Silver Bull commenced international arbitration proceedings against the United Mexican States for the Mexico’s unlawful expropriation and other unlawful treatment of Silver Bull and its investments. Violent mining takeover in Coahuila; point to followers of Senator Napoleón Gómez Urrutia. ON EXPLORATION, In Sonora, Prismo released trenching sampling results from its Los Pavitos project, and Colibri outlined mineralized structures on the Banco de Oro and Bonancita target areas at its the Plomo project. In Chihuahua, Reyna Silver commenced a drilling program at its Batopilas project. In Sinaloa, Prismo commented that it is currently drilling at its Palos Verdes project. In Durango, Orex secured surface access and core storage facilities for exploration on its Sandra Silver-Gold project. ON MINING, Gatos Silver reported Q1, 2023 financial results for its Cerro Los Gatos mine in Chihuahua where it owns a 70% interest. ON FINANCING, Golden Minerals entered into a definitive agreement for the purchase and sale of an aggregate of 1,427,587 shares of commons stock at a price of USD $1.45 per unit (USD $2.1M) in a registered direct offering, which was closed later on obtaining the previously announced gross proceeds of USD $2.1M from the direct offering (Rodeo mine, Durango). Avino renewed a new short form base shelf prospectus and a prospectus supplement in Canada, to distribute common shares from time to time pursuant to a sales agreement with Cantor Fitzgerald & Co., H.C. Wainwright & Co., LLC, Roth Capital Partners, LLC, and A.G.P./Alliance Global Partners, in the United States up to the aggregate sales amount of USD $25M (Avino mine, Durango). Endeavour entered into a sales agreement with some Agents to raise up to USD $60M (Terronera project, Jalisco). Advance Lithium announced a non-brokered private placement for gross proceeds of up to $1M (Sarape project, Sonora). Aloro stated that due to market conditions it will not be proceeding with the previously announced private placement dated on March 03, 2023 (Quitovac project, Sonora). Heliostar announced a brokered private placement for gross proceeds of $5M; the same that later on was increased to up to $7M (Ana Paula project, Guerrero). Luca Mining closed the third and final tranche of its previously announced private placement for gross proceeds of CAD $24,896,551 (Tahuehueto project, Durango). Benjamin Hill announced that its previously announced non-brokered private placement has been extended to allow the Company and its investors time to complete and deliver subscription agreements (Sonora Gold project, Sonora). Colibri declared that it intends to conduct a non-brokered private placement for gross proceeds of up to USD $1M (Evelyn project, Sonora). ON RESOURCES AND DEVELOPMENT, Southern Silver reported that metallurgical scoping tests confirm the technical feasibility of recovering both free cyanide-leachable gold and refractory gold from pyritic material (Cerro Las Minitas project, Durango). Minaurum extended the Environmental Impact Statement (MIA) for the development of its Alamos Silver project in Sonora. Guanajuato Silver provided an updated PEA for its El Cubo Mine Complex in Guanajuato. Luca Mining hit 500 tonnes per day milestone at its Tahuehueto project in Durango. GoGold filed a National Instrument 43-101 PEA technical report for its Los Ricos North project in Jalisco. ON DEALS AND CORPORATE ISSUES, Bear Creek granted incentive stock option to its recently promoted President and CEO (Mercedes Mine, Sonora). Mag Silver, Almaden, Sierra Metals, Goldgroup, Aztec Minerals, and Guanajuato Silver reported results from their annual general and special meeting of shareholders. Goldgroup issued a press release to clarify and retract certain disclosures with respect to the Company’s Cerro Prieto and San Jose de Gracia projects in Sonora and Sinaloa respectively. Canasil announced that the British Columbia Securities Commission revoked the temporary management cease trade order issued against certain insiders of the company (Nora project, Durango). Gatos Silver provided bi-weekly status report in accordance with National Policy 12-203- Management Cease Trade Order (Cerro Los Gatos Mine, Chihuahua). Tarachi has decided to discontinue the option agreement with Exploradora Cobre de Bacanora for the properties located in Sonora (Magistral Mill & Tailings project, Durango).. (ON SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY, Industrias Peñoles and Fresnillo plc, Mexican mining companies of Grupo BAL, in favor of reforestation.
ON MEXICO ISSUE
- Silver Bull Resources Inc., commenced international arbitration proceedings against the United Mexican States under the Agreement between the United States of America, Mexico, and Canada, and the North American Free Trade Agreement, for the Mexico’s unlawful expropriation and other unlawful treatment of Silver Bull and its investments resulting from the illegal blockade of Silver Bull’s Sierra Mojada project in Coahuila.
- Violent mining takeover in Coahuila; point to followers of Senator Napoleón Gómez Urrutia. With short weapons, machetes and bats, people identified as related to the Morenista senator Napoleón Gómez Urrutia seized the town of Hércules, in Coahuila, a place of little more than 8 thousand inhabitants that was generated around the operations of extraction of iron from Minera Del Norte, a subsidiary of Altos Hornos de México (AHMSA). In a statement, the Mining Union indicated that the conflict occurred after a group majority of workers from Minera Del Norte and AHMSA decided to abandon the organization headed by Gómez Urrutia to join the National Democratic Union of Miners, and he has responded the same as he did in Zacatecas, Guerrero, Sonora and other areas, generating violence and stopping the activities of the mining companies. Minera Del Norte is the main iron extraction company in the region; all the material extracted by the workers is sent to Monclova through a 300 kilometer railway, for use as an input in the AHMSA smelting furnaces.
ON EXPLORATION
- Prismo Metals Inc., released trenching sampling results from its Los Pavitos project in Sonora. Highlights assays include ZA2 (Auras Zone) with 2.2 g/t Au and 23 g/t Ag over 19m long, including 10.3g/t Au and 104 g/t Ag over 4m long; ZSC9 (Santa Cruz Zone) with 0.5 g/t Au over 8m long; and ZSC10 with 2.3 g/t Au and 13 g/t Ag over 7.8m long. The company intends to explore these mineralized zones by drilling, planned to commence shortly.
- Colibri Resource Corporation outlined mineralized structures on the Banco de Oro and Bonancita target areas at its the Plomo project in Sonora. At the Banco de Oro target, the mineralization consists of brecciated quartz veins hosted in foliated sericitized and pyrite bearing rhyolites. Recent geological mapping and sampling has covered an area of approximately 41 hectares, extending approximately 500m north of the historic Banco de Oro mine. Gold values were detected in 46 of the 64 analyzed samples, of which 14 samples returned >0.1 g/t Au, with a high grade of 1.45 g/t Au. At the Bonancita target, mineralization consists of four prospects, all of which contain historical assays from outcrop samples returning > 1 g/t Au. Three of the prospects, Bonancita, Bonancita NWI and Bonancita NWII form a NW trend approximately 2 km in length which is coincident with both a strong topographic lineament and with a strong, NW trending, regional scale magnetic gradient lineament. The recent geological mapping and sampling was conducted on the southernmost prospect, where the objective was to evaluate a NW mineralized trend defined by historical sampling including a high value of 7.62 g/t Au. The exploration program covered over 60 hectares and a total of 75 samples were collected for gold analyses, of which 15 samples returned > 0.1 g/t Au and 3 returned > 1 g/t Au with a peak value of 2.72 g/t Au. Exploration work will continue on the Plomo property to support advanced exploration and an inaugural drill program.
- Reyna Silver Corp., commenced a 3,000m drilling program at its Batopilas project in Chihuahua, to test targets generated over the past year following recognition of the overlapping gold and silver mineralizing events.
- Prismo Metals Inc., commented that it is currently drilling at its Palos Verdes project in Sinaloa, where six holes have been completed for a total of 928m, mainly along the northeastern extension of the vein system and certain areas in the southwestern portion where previous drilling was performed.
- Orex Minerals Inc., secured surface access and core storage facilities for exploration on its Sandra Silver-Gold project in Durango. Sandra Silver-Gold is a 60:40 JV between Pan American Silver Corp., and Orex.
ON MINING
- Gatos Silver Inc., reported Q1, 2023 financial results for its Cerro Los Gatos mine in Chihuahua where it owns a 70% interest. The company reported a revenue of USD $69.9M; a cost of sales of USD $26M; a cash flow from operations of USD $40M; a net income of USD $12.7M; an EBIDTA of USD $39.6M; a free cash flow of USD $28.7M; and a by-product cash cost of USD $2.66 per payable Oz Ag and a by-product all-in sustaining cost of USD $6.11 per payable Oz Ag.
ON FINANCING
- Golden Minerals Company entered into a definitive agreement for the purchase and sale of an aggregate of 1,427,587 shares of commons stock at a price of USD $1.45 per unit (USD $2.1M) in a registered direct offering. In a concurrent private placement, the Company will issue unregistered warrants to purchase up to 1,427,587 shares of common stock with an exercise price of $1.90 per share which will be exercisable six months from the date of issuance and for a period of five years following initial exercise date. The offering is expected to close on or about June 29, 2023, subject to the satisfaction of customary closing conditions. Later on, the company announced that it closed the registered direct offering obtaining the previously announced gross proceeds of USD $2.1M. Golden will use the net proceeds from the offering for working capital and other general corporate purposes (Rodeo mine, Durango).
- Avino Silver & Gold Mines Ltd., renewed a new short form base shelf prospectus and a prospectus supplement in Canada, to pursuant to which Avino may distribute common shares from time to time pursuant to a sales agreement with Cantor Fitzgerald & Co., H.C. Wainwright & Co., LLC, Roth Capital Partners, LLC, and A.G.P./Alliance Global Partners, as agents or as principals, for the distribution of the Offered Shares in the United States up to the aggregate sales amount of USD $25M (Avino mine, Durango).
- Endeavour Silver Corp., entered into a sales agreement with BMO Capital Markets Corp. (the lead agent), CIBC World Markets Inc., TD Securities (USA) LLC, H.C. Wainwright & Co., LLC, B. Riley Securities, Inc., Raymond James (USA) Ltd. and National Bank of Canada Financial, Inc., pursuant to which the Company may, at its discretion and from time-to-time during the 25 month term of the Sales Agreement, sell, through the Agents, such number of common shares of the Company as would result in aggregate gross proceeds to the Company of up to USD $60M. Gross proceeds will be used to fund the construction and development of the Company’s Terronera Mine, to advance the evaluation and development of the Pitarrilla and Parral properties, to assess potential development stage mineral properties for acquisition, to fund the potential acquisition of other development stage mineral properties, for continued exploration on the Company’s existing mineral properties and to add to the Company’s working capital.
- Advance Lithium Corp., announced a non-brokered private placement of units at a price of $0.04 per unit. Each Unit shall be comprised of one common share in the capital of the Company and one common share purchase warrant with each warrant being exercisable to purchase one common share at a price of $0.05 per share at any time within 60 months of the date of issuance. The Financing will be for a maximum of $1M resulting in 21,250,000 units being issued. Part of the gross proceeds will be used to advance the Lithium and Sarape projects in Mexico and for general corporate purposes.
- Aloro Mining Corp., stated that due to market conditions it will not be proceeding with the previously announced private placement dated on March 03, 2023. As announced by News Release on May 9, 2023, the Company closed a first tranche of the private placement for aggregate proceeds of $130K (Quitovac project, Sonora).
- Heliostar Metals Ltd., announced a brokered private placement of up to 13,513,513 units of the company at a price of $0.37 per unit for gross proceeds of up to $5M, the same that later on was increased up to 14,324,324 units plus additional non-brokered private placement of 4,594,594 units for gross proceeds of up to $7M. Gross proceeds will be used to continue the exploration and development work at its Ana Paula project in Guerrero.
- Luca Mining Corp., closed the third and final tranche of its previously announced private placement for gross proceeds of CAD $24,896,551 (Tahuehueto project, Durango).
- Benjamin Hill Corp., announced that its previously announced non-brokered private placement Has been extended to allow the Company and its investors time to complete and deliver subscription agreements. All other terms of the Offering remain the same allowing for a maximum of 3,333,333 Units at a price of $0.12 per Unit for aggregate gross proceeds of approximately $400K (Sonora Gold project, Sonora).
- Colibri Resources Corporation declared that it intends to conduct a non-brokered private placement of up to 1,000 for gross proceeds of up to USD $1M. Each Unit will consist of one (1) USD $1,000 principal amount 10% unsecured convertible debenture, and 5,416 common share purchase warrants. Each Warrant will entitle the holder to acquire one common share of the Corporation at a price of CAD $0.12 per common share for a period of 24 months following the closing of this offering. Net proceeds will be used for working capital and exploration expenses including drilling on the Evelyn/Plomo and Diamante/El Mezquite/Jackie projects.
ON RESOURCES AND DEVELOPMENT
- Southern Silver Exploration Corp., reported that metallurgical scoping tests confirm the technical feasibility of recovering both free cyanide-leachable gold and refractory gold from pyritic material through a process of fine grinding and hot atmospheric pressure oxidation followed by cyanide leaching. “Both sulphide and oxide composites were tested as part of the metallurgical program. Mass balance reconciliations on the sulphide composite testwork indicate that 50% of the total gold is recoverable by hot atmospheric pressure oxidation prior to cyanide leaching at an overall 83.9% recovery. An additional 21.5% of gold is recovered into a copper concentrate at payable grades for a total of 71.5% recovery of gold”. It will de-risk and increase the value of the Cerro Las Minitas project in Durango.
- Minaurum Gold Inc., extended the Environmental Impact Statement (MIA) for the development of its Alamos Silver project in Sonora, which includes the construction of drill pads, clean-up of preexisting roads, and the rehabilitation and reactivation of historical underground mine workings.
- Guanajuato Silver Company Ltd., provided an updated PEA for its El Cubo Mine Complex in Guanajuato. The upgraded Mineral Resource Estimate (MRE) for El Cubo Mine Complex and financial parameters are shown in the next tables respectively:


- Luca Mining Corp., hit 500 tonnes per day milestone at its Tahuehueto project in Durango on schedule and budget, but the focus is on towards the ultimate goal of commercial production at 1,000 tonnes per day by year-end.
- GoGold Resources Inc., filed a National Instrument 43-101 Preliminary Economic Assessment (PEA) technical report for its Los Ricos North project in Jalisco. The table below shows the Mineral Resource Estimate as of May 17, 2023:
Highlights of the PEA, with a base case silver price of USD $23/Oz and gold price of USD $1,800/Oz include an after-tax NPV at a discount rate of 5% of USD $413M with an after-tax IRR of 29%; a 13-year mine life producing a total of 110.3M payable Oz AgEq consisting of 68M Oz Ag, 221.7K Oz Au, 22.8M Lb Cu, 144.1M Lb Pb, and 242.2M Lb Zn; an initial capital cost of USD $221M, including USD $29M in contingency costs, over an expected 18 months build; an additional expansion capital of USD $137M, and sustain capital cost of USD $6M over the life of mine (LOM); an average LOM operating cash costs of USD $9.50 per Oz AgEq, and all in sustaining costs of USD $9.69 per Oz AgEq; and average annual production of 8.8M Oz AgEq in year one through twelve; and approximately 3/4 of LOM production is from four open pits containing oxide mineralization and approximately 1/4 is from a separate open pit which contains only sulphide mineralization.
ON DEALS AND CORPORATE ISSUES
- Bear Creek Mining Corporation granted incentive stock option to its recently promoted President and CEO. The Stock Options will vest periodically in accordance with the 2022 Plan and may be exercised on or before June 26, 2033 at an exercise price of CAD $0.45 per share, being the closing price of the Company’s shares on the TSX Venture exchange on June 23, 2023. (Mercedes Mine, Sonora).
- Mag Silver Corp., Almaden Minerals Ltd., Sierra Metals Inc., Goldgroup Mining Inc., Aztec Minerals Corp., and Guanajuato Silver Company Ltd., reported results from its annual general and special meeting of shareholders (Juanicipio mine, Zacatecas).
- Goldgroup Mining Inc., issued a press release to clarify and retract certain disclosures with respect to the Company’s Cerro Prieto and San Jose de Gracia projects in Sonora and Sinaloa respectively. “The Company would like to clarify that the mining key performance indicators in the Company’s Management’s Discussion and Analysis for the period ended September 30, 2022, year ended December 31, 2022 and period ended March 31, 2023 under the heading Financial And Operational Highlights have not been reviewed by the Company’s qualified person as stated and should not be relied upon. The Company is in the process of reviewing its internal procedures regarding qualified person requirements to ensure all future required disclosure are appropriately reviewed by a qualified person. In addition, the disclosure in the 2022 Annual Information Form (AIF) has triggered the requirement to file a technical report for the projects under s.4.2 (1)(f) of NI 43-101 and the Company would like to state that information in the 2022 AIF is not supported by a compliant NI 43-101 technical report, contrary to NI 43-101, and that the information should not be relied on until it has been verified and supported by a technical report”.
- Canasil Resources Inc., announced that the British Columbia Securities Commission revoked the temporary management cease trade order issued against certain insiders of the company on May 03, 2023 (Nora project, Durango).
- Gatos Silver Inc., provided a bi-weekly default status report in accordance with National Policy (NP) 12-203- Management Cease Trade Order (MCTO). “Pursuant to NP 12-203, the Company must file bi-weekly status reports in the form of further news releases during the period from the Notice until the MCTO is revoked. The Company reports that since the Notice: (i) there have been no material changes regarding the information contained in the Notice that have not been disclosed in a bi-weekly default status report or in a news release referenced therein; (ii) there have been no failures by the Company in fulfilling its stated intentions with respect to satisfying the provisions of the alternative information guidelines under NP 12-203; and (iii) there has not been any specified default subsequent to the defaults announced in the Notice and the news releases dated May 13, 2022, August 5, 2022, November 11, 2022, March 30, 2023 and May 15, 2023” (Cerro Los Gatos Mine, Chihuahua).
- Tarachi Gold Corp., after a thorough review of the mineral concessions owned by Exploradora Cobre de Bacanora S de R.L. de C.V., has decided to discontinue the option agreement for the properties located in Sonora. Tarachi is evaluating new precious metal opportunities in North America and has reduced its ongoing overhead costs to conserve its significant cash assets during this review process (Magistral Mill & Tailings project, Durango).
ON SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY
- Industrias Peñoles S.A.B. de C.V., and Fresnillo plc, Mexican mining companies of Grupo BAL, in favor of reforestation. Both in the operation of their mining units and in their neighboring communities have implemented sustainability programs through which they encourage all people to join in caring for the flora. All the group’s operating units are located outside protected natural areas or areas of value for biodiversity and have reforestation programs and nurseries, where endemic species of the regions where they operate are cultivated.
Content like what you have just read can be seen at https://gambusinoprospector.com/ and at LinkedIn’s Mexico Mineral Exploration Group.
On the picture above, phyllic alteration (quartz-sericite-pyrite) in a project in Jalisco, Mexico. Photo by Miguel A Heredia.